{"id":1123,"date":"2025-07-19T14:23:10","date_gmt":"2025-07-19T14:23:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/?p=1123"},"modified":"2025-07-19T15:02:42","modified_gmt":"2025-07-19T15:02:42","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b3%d9%83%d9%86%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%83%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b3%d9%83%d9%86%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%83%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%85\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"blogmaster-pro-container\">\n    <div class=\"content-wrapper-premium-847\" id=\"unique-article-container-id-2847\">\n        <h1 class=\"header-elite-designation-923\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/h1>\n        \n        <p>\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0636\u064a\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0646\u064a: \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a \u063a\u0632\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646. <a href=\"#ref-1\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">1<\/a> \u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u064d\u0651 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"navigation-hub-professional-156\">\n            <h3 class=\"subheader-tier3-designation-925\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n            <ul class=\"list-unstyled-nav-789\">\n                <li class=\"nav-item-spacing-234\"><a href=\"#early-life\" class=\"link-dotted-hover-567\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n                <li class=\"nav-item-spacing-234\"><a href=\"#military-campaigns\" class=\"link-dotted-hover-567\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li>\n                <li class=\"nav-item-spacing-234\"><a href=\"#cultural-impact\" class=\"link-dotted-hover-567\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n                <li class=\"nav-item-spacing-234\"><a href=\"#legacy\" class=\"link-dotted-hover-567\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/a><\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <p>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062d\u0645\u061f \u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u061f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n        <h2 class=\"subheader-tier2-designation-924\" id=\"early-life\">\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/h2>\n\n        <p>\u0648\u064f\u0644\u0650\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 356 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647. <a href=\"#ref-2\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">2<\/a> \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0646\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0640 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0640 \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u064d \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629\u064b \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0651\u0639\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u064b\u0627. <a href=\"#ref-3\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">3<\/a> \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"highlight-container-deluxe-778\">\n            <h4 class=\"accent-header-bold-334\">\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648<\/h4>\n            <p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 - \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 13 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637. <a href=\"#ref-4\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">4<\/a> \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0643. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u063a\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u061f \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0635\u0637\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629. <a href=\"#ref-5\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">5<\/a> \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0633\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. <a href=\"#ref-6\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">6<\/a> \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0632\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633. <a href=\"#ref-7\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">7<\/a> \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643\u061f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u061f \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignwide is-light has-parallax\"><div class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-1130 size-full has-parallax\" style=\"background-position:50% 50%;background-image:url(https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-4-scaled.jpg)\"><\/div><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim\" style=\"background-color:#999598\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"blogmaster-pro-container\">\n    <div class=\"content-wrapper-premium-847\">\n        <h2 class=\"subheader-tier2-designation-924\" id=\"military-campaigns\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n        <p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0663\u0663\u0666 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0644 \u0632\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627. <a href=\"#ref-8\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">8<\/a> \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u061f \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629: &quot;\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u062e\u0645\u0631\u064a&quot; \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 - \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0621 - \u0634\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645. <a href=\"#ref-9\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">9<\/a><\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"quote-block-premium-445\">\n            <p>&quot;\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644.&quot;<\/p>\n            <footer class=\"quote-author\">- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/footer>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <p>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629\u061f \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0638\u0646\u0651\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f. <a href=\"#ref-10\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">10<\/a> \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646 - \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064d\u061f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 - \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0624 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u0647 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n        <h3 class=\"subheader-tier3-designation-925\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 334 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 35 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0631\u062c\u0644. <a href=\"#ref-11\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">11<\/a> \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u0634\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u0623\u062a\u0647. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631. <a href=\"#ref-12\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">12<\/a> \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634\u0647\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u061f \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648. \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646\u061f \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627. \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0647\u061f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"highlight-container-deluxe-778\">\n            <h4 class=\"accent-header-bold-334\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628<\/h4>\n            <ul class=\"list-unordered-custom-890\">\n                <li class=\"list-item-spaced-112\">\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 <a href=\"#ref-13\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">13<\/a><\/li>\n                <li class=\"list-item-spaced-112\">\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n                <li class=\"list-item-spaced-112\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n                <li class=\"list-item-spaced-112\">\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <p>\u062b\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 333 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f - \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646. <a href=\"#ref-14\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">14<\/a> \u0642\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633\u060c \u062c\u064a\u0634\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u061f \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a. <a href=\"#ref-15\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">15<\/a> \u0647\u0631\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632\u0647. \u0642\u0631\u0623\u062a\u064f \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u064f\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0633\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0647. <a href=\"#ref-16\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">16<\/a> \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627. \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u061f &quot;\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621&quot;. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u064f\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0647.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" src=\"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-2-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-2-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-2-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-2-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-2-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-2-2000x1333.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"blogmaster-pro-container\">\n    <div class=\"content-wrapper-premium-847\">\n        <h2 class=\"subheader-tier2-designation-924\" id=\"cultural-impact\">\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/h2>\n\n        <p>\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646\u064d \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u063a\u0632\u0648\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064c \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645. \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a. <a href=\"#ref-17\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">17<\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a\u064f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u0648\u062f. \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n\n        <table class=\"data-table-professional-667\">\n            <tr class=\"table-row-alternating-556\">\n                <th class=\"table-header-cell-223\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n                <th class=\"table-header-cell-223\">\u0633\u0646\u0629<\/th>\n                <th class=\"table-header-cell-223\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/th>\n                <th class=\"table-header-cell-223\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649<\/th>\n            <\/tr>\n            <tr class=\"table-row-alternating-556\">\n                <td class=\"table-data-cell-224\">\u0645\u0635\u0631<\/td>\n                <td class=\"table-data-cell-224\">332 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n                <td class=\"table-data-cell-224\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"#ref-18\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">18<\/a><\/td>\n                <td class=\"table-data-cell-224\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 300 \u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n            <tr class=\"table-row-alternating-556\">\n                <td class=\"table-data-cell-224\">\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/td>\n                <td class=\"table-data-cell-224\">330 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n                <td class=\"table-data-cell-224\">\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n                <td class=\"table-data-cell-224\">\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n            <tr class=\"table-row-alternating-556\">\n                <td class=\"table-data-cell-224\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n                <td class=\"table-data-cell-224\">326 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n                <td class=\"table-data-cell-224\">\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n                <td class=\"table-data-cell-224\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n        <\/table>\n\n        <p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635. <a href=\"#ref-19\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">19<\/a> \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0648\u0633-\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629\u061f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"quote-block-premium-445\">\n            <p>&quot;\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f.&quot;<\/p>\n            <footer class=\"quote-author\">- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062e<\/footer>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u0623\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062b\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. <a href=\"#ref-20\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">20<\/a> \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0647\u064a\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0645. <a href=\"#ref-21\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">21<\/a> \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a.<\/p>\n\n        <h3 class=\"subheader-tier3-designation-925\">\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/h3>\n\n        <p>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0663\u0662\u0664 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642. <a href=\"#ref-22\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">22<\/a> \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u061f \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064b\u0627. <a href=\"#ref-23\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">23<\/a> \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644. \u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u061f \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0632\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u061f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0624\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull has-parallax is-light\"><div class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-1133 size-full has-parallax\" style=\"background-position:50% 50%;background-image:url(https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-1.png)\"><\/div><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-black-background-color has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"blogmaster-pro-container\">\n    <div class=\"content-wrapper-premium-847\">\n        <h2 class=\"subheader-tier2-designation-924\" id=\"legacy\">\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/h2>\n\n        <p>\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 323 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0632 32 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u061f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e. <a href=\"#ref-24\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">24<\/a> \u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u061f \u062d\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0626\u064a\u062f\u061f \u0633\u0645\u061f \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0623\u062a\u064f \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0644\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627. \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u0624\u0647.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0631\u0642\u0646\u064a. \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064f\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u062b \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0628: &quot;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649&quot;. <a href=\"#ref-25\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">25<\/a> \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 - \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"country-fact-box-855\">\n            <h4 class=\"accent-header-bold-334\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n            <p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u0624\u0649\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u064f\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0669\u0667\u0667\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631. <a href=\"#ref-26\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">26<\/a><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <p>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u062a \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 - \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0646 - \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629. <a href=\"#ref-27\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">27<\/a> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u064a\u064c\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 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\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646. <a href=\"#ref-28\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">28<\/a> \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 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\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642. <a href=\"#ref-32\" class=\"reference-marker-inline-951\">32<\/a><\/p>\n\n        <p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645: \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631.<\/p>\n\n        <p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 2300 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0625\u0631\u062b\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 - \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 - \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"social-engagement-panel-477\">\n            <p><strong>\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643:<\/strong> \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u061f \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642\u061f<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"references-section-container-952\">\n            <h3 class=\"references-section-header-953\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n            \n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">1<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Alexander-the-Great\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">2<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldhistory.org\/Alexander_the_Great\/\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">3<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/history\/alexander-great-failure-118928905\/\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">4<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/ancient-history\/alexander-the-great\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e: \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">5<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/history\/article\/alexander-great-ancient-greece-macedonia-archaeology\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643: \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">6<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/148115\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">JSTOR: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u064a<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">7<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/alexander-the-great\/B8B8F8E6E8F8F8F8F8F8F8F8F8F8F8F8\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u062c: \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">8<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ancient.eu\/article\/922\/the-assassination-of-philip-ii-of-macedon\/\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645: \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">9<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oxfordhandbooks.com\/view\/10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780199935390.001.0001\/oxfordhb-9780199935390\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">10<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/historic_figures\/alexander_the_great.shtml\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a \u0633\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">11<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/toah\/hd\/alex\/hd_alex.htm\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u064a<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">12<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.livescience.com\/39997-alexander-the-great.html\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0633: \u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">13<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.warhistoryonline.com\/ancient-history\/alexander-great-military-tactics.html\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">14<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thoughtco.com\/battle-of-issus-alexander-the-great-117545\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">ThoughtCo: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0633<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">15<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldhistory.org\/Battle_of_Issus\/\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a: \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0648\u0633<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"reference-item-container-954\">\n                <span class=\"reference-number-badge-955\">16<\/span>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ancient-origins.net\/history\/alexander-great-0011146\" class=\"reference-link-styled-956\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/a>\n                <span class=\"reference-source-type-957\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1922\" src=\"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-3-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1134\" srcset=\"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-3-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-3-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-3-1024x769.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-3-768x577.jpg 768w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-3-1536x1153.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-3-2048x1537.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-3-16x12.jpg 16w, https:\/\/doineurope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Alexander-The-Great-3-2000x1501.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0636\u064a\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0646\u064a: \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a \u063a\u0632\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646. 1 \u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1131,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":4,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","footnotes":""},"categories":[228,748,272],"tags":[781,784,783,768,785],"class_list":["post-1123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-greece","category-icons","category-north-macedonia","tag-alexander","tag-alexander-the-great","tag-great","tag-history","tag-icons"],"_genesis_description":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1123"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1123\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1136,"href":"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1123\/revisions\/1136"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1131"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doineurope.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}